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Crowd of Black Lives Matters demonstrators marching in the street.
Feature: The Democratic Necessity of Reckoning

Erica Chenoweth reviews scholarship that overwhelmingly shows the Black Lives Matter movement generated high levels of public awareness about systemic racism and increased support for criminal justice reform.

Electronic stock ticker board with numbers and arabic letters.
Feature: Against Rule-of-Thumb Economics

Dani Rodrik argues against neoliberalism’s universal rule-of-thumb approach and for economic analyses grounded in contextual dependencies.

Several hands of team members covering one another in a huddle above a work table.
Feature: Leaders’ Psychological Bravery

Dana Born explores what skills leaders need to cultivate psychological safety on their teams and across their organizations.

Dollars and Euros piled on top of one another.
Feature: Dollar vs. Euro as International Reserve Currencies

Jeffrey Frankel explores the strengths and weaknesses of using the Dollar and the Euro as international reserve currencies.

Harvard Kennedy School faculty disseminate their research in working publications and papers that contribute to public knowledge and fuel policy innovation. This list features recent faculty publications, including journal articles, books, edited volumes, research papers, and public testimony.

Faculty Publications

Migrants Can Be a Transformative Force for Sustainable Development

Fransen, Sonja, Neil Adger, Ricardo Safra de Campos, and William C. Clark. "Migrants Can Be a Transformative Force for Sustainable Development." The Conversation. January 18, 2024.

Migration and Sustainable Development

Adger, William Neil, Sonja Fransen, Ricardo Safra de Campos, and William C. Clark. "Migration and Sustainable Development." PNAS 121.3 (January 16, 2024): e2206193121.

Scientific Frontiers on Migration and Sustainability

Adger, William Neil, Sonja Fransen, Ricardo Safra de Campos, and William C. Clark. "Scientific Frontiers on Migration and Sustainability." PNAS 121.3 (January 16, 2024): e2321325121.

Sustainability Transitions in Consumption-Production Systems

Geels, Frank W., Florian Kern, and William C. Clark. "Sustainability Transitions in Consumption-Production Systems." PNAS 120.47 (November 21, 2023): e2310070120.

System transitions research and sustainable development: Challenges, progress, and prospects

Geels, Frank W., Florian Kern, and William C. Clark. "System transitions research and sustainable development: Challenges, progress, and prospects." PNAS 120.47 (November 21, 2023): e2206230120.

Progress in modeling dynamic systems for sustainable development

Selin, Noelle E., Amanda Giang, and William C. Clark. "Progress in modeling dynamic systems for sustainable development." PNAS 120.40 (October 3, 2023): e2216656120.

Sustainability Science: Toward a Synthesis

Clark, William C., and Alicia G. Harley. "Sustainability Science: Toward a Synthesis." Annual Review of Environment and Resources 45.1 (October 2020): 331-386.

An Integrative Framework for Sustainability Science

Clark, William C., and Alicia G. Harley. "An Integrative Framework for Sustainability Science." September 2020.

Using Inclusive Wealth for Policy Evaluation: Application to Electricity Infrastructure Planning in Oil-Exporting Countries

Collins, Ross D., Noelle E. Selin, Olivier L. de Weck, and William C. Clark. "Using Inclusive Wealth for Policy Evaluation: Application to Electricity Infrastructure Planning in Oil-Exporting Countries." Ecological Economics 133 (January 2017): 23-34.

Making Technological Innovation Work for Sustainable Development

Diaz Anadon, Laura, Gabriel Chan, Alicia G. Harley, Kira Matus, Suerie Moon, Sharmila L. Murthy, and William C. Clark. "Making Technological Innovation Work for Sustainable Development." PNAS 113.35 (August 2016): 9682-9690.

Crafting Usable Knowledge for Sustainable Development

Clark, William C., Lorrae van Kerkhoff, Louis Lebel, and Gilberto C. Gallopin. "Crafting Usable Knowledge for Sustainable Development." PNAS 113.17 (April 26, 2016): 4570–4578.

Boundary Work for Sustainable Development: Natural Resource Management at the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR)

Clark, William C., Thomas P. Tomich, Meine van Noordwijk, David Guston, Delia Catacutan, Nancy M. Dickson, and Elizabeth McNie. "Boundary Work for Sustainable Development: Natural Resource Management at the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR)." PNAS 113.17 (April 26, 2016): 4615-4622.

Using Inclusive Wealth for Policy Evaluation: Application to
Electricity Infrastructure Planning in Oil-Exporting Countries

Collins, Ross D., Noelle E. Selin, Olivier L. de Weck, and William C. Clark. "Using Inclusive Wealth for Policy Evaluation: Application to Electricity Infrastructure Planning in Oil-Exporting Countries." HKS Faculty Research Working Paper Series RWP16-010, March 2016.

Pursuing Sustainability: A Guide to the Science and Practice

Matson, Pamela, William C. Clark, and Krister Andersson. Pursuing Sustainability: A Guide to the Science and Practice. Princeton University Press, 2016.

Pursuing Sustainability: An Introduction

Matson, Pamela, William C. Clark, and Krister Andersson. "Pursuing Sustainability: An Introduction." Pursuing Sustainability: A Guide to the Science and Practice. Ed. Pamela Matson, William C. Clark, and Krister Andersson. Princeton University Press, 2016, 1-13.

Crafting Usable Knowledge for Sustainable Development

Clark, William C., Lorrae van Kerkhoff, Louis Lebel, and Gilberto Gallopin. "Crafting Usable Knowledge for Sustainable Development." HKS Faculty Research Working Paper Series RWP16-005, January 2016.

Making Technological Innovation Work for Sustainable Development

Anadon, Laura Diaz, Gabriel Chan, Alicia Harley, Kira Matus, Suerie Moon, Sharmila L. Murthy, and William C. Clark. "Making Technological Innovation Work for Sustainable Development." HKS Faculty Research Working Paper Series RWP15-079, December 2015.

Innovation for Vulnerable Farmers: Drought and Water Scarcity Adaptation Technologies

Harley, Alicia, N. Michele Holbrook, and William C. Clark. "Innovation for Vulnerable Farmers: Drought and Water Scarcity Adaptation Technologies." Sustainability Science Program, Harvard University, December 2015.

London: A Multi-Century Struggle for
Sustainable Development in an Urban Environment

Clark, William C. "London: A Multi-Century Struggle for Sustainable Development in an Urban Environment." HKS Faculty Research Working Paper Series RWP15-047, August 2015.

Innovation and Access to Technologies for Sustainable Development: Diagnosing Weaknesses and Identifying Interventions in the Transnational Arena

Diaz Anadon, Laura, Kira Matus, Suerie Moon, Gabriel Chan, Alicia Harley, Sharmila Murthy, Vanessa Timmer, Ahmed Abdel Latif, Kathleen Araujo, Kayje Booker, Hyundo Choi, Kristian Dubrawski, Lonia Friedlander, Christina Ingersoll, Erin Kempster, Laura Pereira, Jennie Stephens, Lee Vinsel, and William C. Clark. "Innovation and Access to Technologies for Sustainable Development: Diagnosing Weaknesses and Identifying Interventions in the Transnational Arena." Sustainability Science Program Working Paper No. 2014-01, Sustainability Science Program and Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Harvard Kennedy School, May 2014.

Innovation and Access to Technologies for Sustainable Development: A Global Systems Perspective

Harley, Alicia, Sharmila Murthy, Laura Diaz Anadon, Gabriel Chan, Kira Matus, Suerie Moon, Vanessa Timmer, and William C. Clark. "Innovation and Access to Technologies for Sustainable Development: A Global Systems Perspective." Weatherhead Center for International Affairs, Harvard University, April 24, 2014.

Sustainability and Biodiversity

Cavender-Bares, Jeannine, James Hefferman, Elizabeth King, Stephen Polasky, Patricia Balvanera, and William C. Clark. "Sustainability and Biodiversity." Encyclopedia of Biodiversity. Ed. Simon Levin. Academic Press, 2013, 71-84.

Barriers to the Implementation of Green Chemistry in the United States

Matus, Kira J. M., William C. Clark, Paul T. Anastas, and Julie B. Zimmerman. "Barriers to the Implementation of Green Chemistry in the United States." Environmental Science & Technology 46.20 (October 2012): 10892-10899.

Boundary Work for Sustainable Development: Natural Resource Management at the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR)

Clark, William C., Thomas P. Tomich, Meine van Noordwijk, David Guston, Delia Catacutan, Nancy M. Dickson, and Elizabeth McNie. "Boundary Work for Sustainable Development: Natural Resource Management at the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR)." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (August 15, 2011): published online.

Linking Scientific Knowledge with Policy Action in Natural Resources Development.

van Noordwijk, Meine, Delia Catacutan, and Clark, William C. "Linking Scientific Knowledge with Policy Action in Natural Resources Development." Nairobi, Kenya: World Agroforestry Center, ASB Partnership for Tropical Forest Margins, 2011.

Toward a General Theory of
Boundary Work: Insights from
the CGIAR’s Natural Resource
Management Programs

Clark, William C., Thomas P. Tomich, Meine van Noordwijk, Nancy M. Dickson, Delia Catacutan, David Guston, and Elizabeth McNie. "Toward a General Theory of Boundary Work: Insights from the CGIAR’s Natural Resource Management Programs." Center for International Development and HKS Faculty Research Working Paper Series (199 and RWP10-035), September 2010.

Enhancing Food Security in an Era of Global Climate Change: An Executive Session on Grand Challenges of the Sustainability Transition, San Servolo Island, Venice – June 6-9, 2010.

Clark, W.C., Kristjanson, P., Campbell, B., Juma, C., Holbrook, N.M., Nelson, G. & Dickson, N.M. "Enhancing Food Security in an Era of Global Climate Change: An Executive Session on Grand Challenges of the Sustainability Transition, San Servolo Island, Venice – June 6-9, 2010." Sustainability Science Program, 2010.

Climate Change and the Integrity of Science

Gleick, P.H., et al. "Climate Change and the Integrity of Science." Science 328.5979 (2010): 689-690.

Toward a Science of Sustainability

Levin, Simon A., and William C. Clark, eds. "Toward a Science of Sustainability." Center for International Development Working Paper 196, May 2010.

Ecosystem Stewardship: Sustainability
Strategies for a Rapidly Changing Planet

Chapin, F. Stuart III, Stephen R. Carpenter, Gary P. Kofinas, Carl Folke, Nick Abel, William C. Clark, Per Olsson, D. Mark Stafford Smith, Brian Walker, Oran R. Young, Fikret Berkes, Reinette Biggs, J. Morgan Grove, Rosamond L. Naylor, Evelyn Pinkerton, Will Steffen, and Frederick J. Swanson. "Ecosystem Stewardship: Sustainability Strategies for a Rapidly Changing Planet." Trends in Ecology & Evolution 25.4 (April 2010): 241-249.

The Global Health System: Lessons for a Stronger Institutional Framework

Moon, Suerie, Nicole A. Szlezák, Catherine M. Michaud, Dean T. Jamison, Gerald T. Keusch, William C. Clark, and Barry R. Bloom. "The Global Health System: Lessons for a Stronger Institutional Framework." PLoS Medicine 7.1 (January 2010): e1000193.

The Global Health System:
Institutions in a Time of Transition

Clark, William C., Nicole A. Szlezak, Suerie Moon, Barry R. Bloom, Gerald T. Keusch, Catherine M. Michaud, Dean T. Jamison, Julio Frenk, and Wen L. Kilama. "The Global Health System: Institutions in a Time of Transition." Center for International Development Working Paper 193, January 2010.

The Global Health System: Actors, Norms, and Expectations in Transition

Szlezák, Nicole A., Barry R. Bloom, Dean T. Jamison, Gerald T. Keusch, Catherine M. Michaud, Suerie Moon, and William C. Clark. "The Global Health System: Actors, Norms, and Expectations in Transition." PLoS Medicine 7.1 (January 2010): 1-4.

Evolution of Models to Support Community and Policy Action with Science: Balancing Pastoral Livelihoods and Wildlife Conservation in Savannas of East Africa

Reid, R.S., Nkedianye, D., Said, M.Y., Kaelo, D., Neselle, M., Makui, O., Onetu, L., Kiruswa, S., Kamuaro, N.O., Kristjanson, P., Ogutu, J., BurnSilver, S.B., Goldman, M.J., Boone, R.B., Galvin, K.A., Dickson, N.M. & Clark, W.C. "Evolution of Models to Support Community and Policy Action with Science: Balancing Pastoral Livelihoods and Wildlife Conservation in Savannas of East Africa." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States (November 2009).

Linking International Agricultural Research Knowledge with Action for Sustainable Development

Kristjanson, Patti, Robin S. Reid, Nancy Dickson, William C. Clark, Dannie Romney, Ranjitha Puskur, Susan MacMillan, and Delia Grace. "Linking International Agricultural Research Knowledge with Action for Sustainable Development." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106.13 (March 31, 2009): 5047-5052.

Nurturing Sustainability

Clark, W.C. "Nurturing Sustainability." Issues in Science & Technology 26.1 (2009): 9-10.

Linking Knowledge with Action Using Community Facilitators to Span Boundaries: Lessons from East Africa

Nkedianye, D., Kaelo, D., Reid, R.S., Neselle, M., Onetu, L., Makui, O., Said, M., Kiruswa, S., Kristjanson, P., Kamuaro, O., Kifugo, S., Dickson, N. & Clark, W.C. "Linking Knowledge with Action Using Community Facilitators to Span Boundaries: Lessons from East Africa." Center for International Development, December 2008.

Linking International Agricultural Research Knowledge with Action for Sustainable Poverty Alleviation: What Works?

Kristjanson, Patti, Robin Reid, Nancy Dickson, William Clark, et al. "Linking International Agricultural Research Knowledge with Action for Sustainable Poverty Alleviation: What Works?" Center for International Development and HKS Faculty Research Working Paper Series (173 and RWP08-045), September 2008.

Boundary Organizations, Objects and Agents: Linking Knowledge with Action in Agroforestry Watersheds.

McNie, E.C., Van Noordwijk, M., Clark, W.C., Dickson, N.M., Sakuntaladewi, N., Suyanto, S., Joshi, L., Leimona, B., Kurniatun, H. & Khususiyah, N. "Boundary Organizations, Objects and Agents: Linking Knowledge with Action in Agroforestry Watersheds." World Agroforestry Center - ICRAF Southeast Asia, 2008.

Biofuels and Sustainable Development

Lee, Henry, William C. Clark, and Charan Devereaux. "Biofuels and Sustainable Development." Center for International Development and HKS Faculty Research Working Paper Series (174 and RWP08-049), July 2008.

Energy in the World

Clark, William C. "Energy in the World." Environment 12.5 (May 2, 2008): 23.

Sustainability Science: A Room of its Own.

Clark, William C. "Sustainability Science: A Room of its Own." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 104.6 (February 6, 2007): 1737-1738.

Integrated Natural Resource Management: Linking Knowledge to Action Or, when Half a Brain is Not enough

van Noordwijk, Meine, W. C. Clark, N. Dickinson, E. McNie, and S. Suyanto. "Integrated Natural Resource Management: Linking Knowledge to Action Or, when Half a Brain is Not enough." World Agroforestry Centre ICRAF, 2007.

Highlights in Sustainability Science: A Special Collection from the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Clark, William C., ed. Highlights in Sustainability Science: A Special Collection from the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. PNAS; http://www.pnas.org/misc/sustainability.shtml, 2007.

12 Questions to William C. Clark.

Clark, William C. "12 Questions to William C. Clark." GAIA - Ecological Perspectives for Science and Society 15.3 (September 2006): 168-169.

Filling the Gaps: Priority Data Needs and Key Management Challenges for National Reporting on Ecosystem Condition.

Clark, William C., Chair, State of the Nation's Ecosystems Project. "Filling the Gaps: Priority Data Needs and Key Management Challenges for National Reporting on Ecosystem Condition." The H. John Heinz III Center for Science, Economics, and the Environment (heinzctr.org/ecosystems), May 2006.

Cleaner, Cheaper, Safer.

Clark, William C. "Cleaner, Cheaper, Safer." Environment 48.2 (March 2006).

Global Environmental Assessments: Information and Influence

Mitchell, Ronald B., William C. Clark, David W. Cash, and Nancy M. Dickson, eds. Global Environmental Assessments: Information and Influence. MIT Press, 2006.

Linking Knowledge with Action for Sustainable Development: The Role of Program Management - Summary of a Workshop.

Clark, William C., and Laura Holliday. "Linking Knowledge with Action for Sustainable Development: The Role of Program Management - Summary of a Workshop." National Research Council: Roundtable on Science and Technology for Sustainability, 2006.

Evaluating the Influence of Global Environmental Assessments.

Clark, William C., Ronald B. Mitchell, and David W. Cash. "Evaluating the Influence of Global Environmental Assessments." Global Environmental Assessments: Information and Influence. Ed. Ronald B. Mitchell, William C. Clark, David W. Cash, and Nancy M. Dickson. MIT Press, 2006, 1-28.