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Crowd of Black Lives Matters demonstrators marching in the street.
Feature: The Democratic Necessity of Reckoning

Erica Chenoweth reviews scholarship that overwhelmingly shows the Black Lives Matter movement generated high levels of public awareness about systemic racism and increased support for criminal justice reform.

Electronic stock ticker board with numbers and arabic letters.
Feature: Against Rule-of-Thumb Economics

Dani Rodrik argues against neoliberalism’s universal rule-of-thumb approach and for economic analyses grounded in contextual dependencies.

Several hands of team members covering one another in a huddle above a work table.
Feature: Leaders’ Psychological Bravery

Dana Born explores what skills leaders need to cultivate psychological safety on their teams and across their organizations.

Dollars and Euros piled on top of one another.
Feature: Dollar vs. Euro as International Reserve Currencies

Jeffrey Frankel explores the strengths and weaknesses of using the Dollar and the Euro as international reserve currencies.

Harvard Kennedy School faculty disseminate their research in working publications and papers that contribute to public knowledge and fuel policy innovation. This list features recent faculty publications, including journal articles, books, edited volumes, research papers, and public testimony.

Faculty Publications

The Moral Dimension of AI-Assisted Decision-Making: Some Practical Perspectives from the Front Lines

Carter, Ashton B. "The Moral Dimension of AI-Assisted Decision-Making: Some Practical Perspectives from the Front Lines." Daedalus 151.2 (Spring 2022): 299-308.

Inside the Five-Sided Box: Lessons from a Lifetime of Leadership in the Pentagon

Carter, Ashton B. Inside the Five-Sided Box: Lessons from a Lifetime of Leadership in the Pentagon. Dutton, 2019.

Big Tech and Democracy: The Critical Role of Congress

Belei, Bogdan, Toni Bush, Maeve Campbell, Ash Carter, Lucy Chase, Mignon Clyburn, Bennett Craig, Daniel Gastfriend, Dipayan Ghosh, Gene Kimmelman, Heidi Legg, Laura Manley, Nicco Mele, Hong Qu, Amy Robinson, Philip Verveer, and Tom Wheeler. "Big Tech and Democracy: The Critical Role of Congress." April 2019.

The Tenth Annual Ernest May Memorial Lecture: Shaping Disruptive Technological Change for Public Good

Carter, Ashton B. "The Tenth Annual Ernest May Memorial Lecture: Shaping Disruptive Technological Change for Public Good." Technology and National Security: Maintaining America’s Edge. Aspen Strategy Group, 2019.

How A Divided Congress Could Unite Around Tech

Carter, Ashton B. "How A Divided Congress Could Unite Around Tech." Politico. December 6, 2018.

No Exceptions: The Decision to Open All Military Positions to Women

Carter, Ashton B. "No Exceptions: The Decision to Open All Military Positions to Women." December 2018.

Reflections on American Grand Strategy in Asia

Carter, Ashton B. "Reflections on American Grand Strategy in Asia." October 2018.

Shaping Disruptive Technological Change for Public Good

Carter, Ashton B. "Shaping Disruptive Technological Change for Public Good." August 2018.

What I Learned from the People who Built the Atom Bomb

Carter, Ashton B. "What I Learned from the People who Built the Atom Bomb." MIT Technology Review. November 2017.

A Lasting Defeat: The Campaign to Destroy ISIS

Carter, Ashton B. "A Lasting Defeat: The Campaign to Destroy ISIS." October 2017.

The Logic of American Strategy in the Middle East

Carter, Ashton B. "The Logic of American Strategy in the Middle East." Survival 59.2 (March 2017): 13-24.

A Strong and Balanced Approach to Russia

Carter, Ashton B. "A Strong and Balanced Approach to Russia." Survival 58.6 (December 2016-January 2017): 51-62.

The Pentagon Is Serious About Saving Money

Carter, Ashton B. "The Pentagon Is Serious About Saving Money." Wall Street Journal, September 21, 2010.

The Way Forward on Missile Defense

Carter, Ashton, and Michele A. Flournoy. "The Way Forward on Missile Defense." Wall Street Journal, June 17, 2010.

Stability in U.S.–China Military Relations

Zhiya, Chen, and Ashton B. Carter. Stability in U.S.–China Military Relations. Power and Restraint: A Shared Vision for the US-China Relationship. Ed. Richard Rosecrance and Gu Guoliang. PublicAffairs, 2009.

Defense Management Challenges for the Next American President

Carter, Ashton B. "Defense Management Challenges for the Next American President." Orbis 53.1 (January 2009): 41-53.

Meeting the Challenge: U.S. Policy Toward Iranian Nuclear Development

Coats, Amb. Daniel, Sen. Charles Robb, Ashton Carter, Adm. (Ret.) Gregory Johnson, Gen. (Ret.) Ronald Keys, Edward Morse, Steve Rademaker, Amb. Dennis Ross, Henry Sokolski, Gen. (Ret.) Chuck Wald, and Kenneth Weinstein. "Meeting the Challenge: U.S. Policy Toward Iranian Nuclear Development." Report sponsored by the Bipartisan Policy Center, September 19, 2008.

Strengthening our Strategy Against WMD

Carter, Ashton B., and Robert G. Joseph. "Strengthening our Strategy Against WMD." Boston Globe, August 14, 2008.

Report of the Strategic Security Issues Delegation to Taiwan and the People's Republic of China (PRC)

Perry, William J., Joseph Prueher, Robert Blackwill, Ashton B. Carter, Stephen A. Orlins, David M. Lampton, Kurt Campbell, Ashley Tellis, Evan Medeiros, and Jan Berris. "Report of the Strategic Security Issues Delegation to Taiwan and the People's Republic of China (PRC)." Preventive Defense Project and National Committee on United States-China Relations, July 17, 2008.

Ensuring Security in an Unpredictable World: Project on National Security Reform - Preliminary Findings

Abshire, David M., Norman R. Augustine, Robert D. Blackwill, Dennis C. Blair, Charles G. Boyd, Ashton Carter, Daniel W. Christman, Wesley K. Clark, Ruth A. David, Michèle Flournoy, Leon Fuerth, Newt Gingrich, James R. Locher III, James M. Loy, Jessica Tuchman Mathews, John McLaughlin, Joseph S. Nye, Jr., Carlos Pascual, Thomas R. Pickering, Brent Scowcroft, Jeffrey H. Smith, James B. Steinberg, and Ken Weinstein. "Ensuring Security in an Unpredictable World: Project on National Security Reform - Preliminary Findings." Project on National Security Reform, July 2008.

Military Elements in a Strategy to Deal with Iran's Nuclear Program

Carter, Ashton B. "Military Elements in a Strategy to Deal with Iran's Nuclear Program." Center for a New American Security Iran Strategy Working Paper 3, June 2008.

Actions Now for the Day After: Findings of the Preventive Defense Day After Project

Carter, Ashton B. "Actions Now for the Day After: Findings of the Preventive Defense Day After Project." Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, U.S. Senate, April 15, 2008.

Report of the Review Panel on Future Directions for Defense Threat Reduction Agency Missions and Capabilities to Combat Weapons of Mass Destruction

Carter, Ashton B., and Robert G. Joseph, co-chairs. "Report of the Review Panel on Future Directions for Defense Threat Reduction Agency Missions and Capabilities to Combat Weapons of Mass Destruction." Defense Threat Reduction Agency, March 2008.

Defense Management Challenges in the Post-Bush Era

Carter, Ashton B. "Defense Management Challenges in the Post-Bush Era." William B. Ruger Chair of National Security Economics Papers Number 3: Defense Strategy and Forces: Setting Future Directions. Ed. Richmond M. Lloyd. Naval War College, 2008, 23-31.

Reducing Nuclear Threats and Preventing Nuclear Terrorism.

Carter, Ashton B., William J. Perry, Graham Allison, et al. "Reducing Nuclear Threats and Preventing Nuclear Terrorism." National Security Advisory Group, October 19, 2007.

Report on Discouraging a Cascade of Nuclear Weapons States.

Oehler, Gordon (Chair), Michael R. Anastasio, Ashton B. Carter, et al. "Report on Discouraging a Cascade of Nuclear Weapons States." U.S. Department of State: International Security Advisory Board Task Force, October 19, 2007.

The Day After: Action Following a Nuclear Blast in a U.S. City.

Carter, Ashton B., William J. Perry, and Michael M. May. "The Day After: Action Following a Nuclear Blast in a U.S. City." Washington Quarterly 30.4 (Autumn 2007): 19-32.

After the Bomb.

Perry, William, Ashton B. Carter, and Michael May. "After the Bomb." New York Times, June 12, 2007: A-24.

The Day After: Action in the 24 Hours Following a Nuclear Blast in an American City.

Carter, Ashton B., William J. Perry, and Michael M. May. "The Day After: Action in the 24 Hours Following a Nuclear Blast in an American City." Preventative Defense Project, May 2007.

China on the March.

Carter, Ashton B., and William J. Perry. "China on the March." National Interest 88 (March/April 2007): 16-22.

How Washington Learned to Stop Worrying and Love India's Bomb.

Carter, Ashton B. "How Washington Learned to Stop Worrying and Love India's Bomb." Foreign Affairs (online only) (January 10, 2007).

China's Rise in American Military Strategy.

Carter, Ashton B., and William J. Perry. "China's Rise in American Military Strategy." China's March on the 21st Century: A Report of the Aspen Strategy Group. Ed. Kurt M. Campbell and Willow Darsie. Washington, D.C.: The Aspen Institute, 2007, 107-117.

China's Rise in American Military Strategy.

Carter, Ashton B., and William J. Perry. "China's Rise in American Military Strategy." Conference Paper, Preventive Defense Project, October 2006.

Plan B for Iran: What if Nuclear Diplomacy Fails?

Carter, Ashton B., and William J. Perry. "Plan B for Iran: What if Nuclear Diplomacy Fails?" Preventive Defense Project, September 2006.

America's New Strategic Partner?

Carter, Ashton B. "America's New Strategic Partner?" Foreign Affairs 85.4 (July/August 2006): 33-44.

The Case for a Preemptive Strike on North Korea's Missiles.

Carter, Ashton B., and William J. Perry. "The Case for a Preemptive Strike on North Korea's Missiles." TIME.com July 8, 2006.

If Necessary, Strike and Destroy: North Korea Cannot Be Allowed to Test This Missile.

Carter, Ashton B., and William J. Perry. "If Necessary, Strike and Destroy: North Korea Cannot Be Allowed to Test This Missile." Washington Post, June 22, 2006.

Toolbox: Containing the Nuclear Red Zone Threat.

Carter, Ashton B. and Stephen LaMontagne. "Toolbox: Containing the Nuclear Red Zone Threat." The American Interest 1.3 (Spring 2006): 28-40.

A Fuel-Cycle Fix.

Carter, Ashton B., and Stephen A. LaMontagne. "A Fuel-Cycle Fix." Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 62.1 (January/February 2006): 24-25.

The U.S. Military: Under Strain and at Risk.

Perry, William J. (chair), with Madeleine K. Albright, Graham T. Allison, Samuel R. Berger, Ashton B. Carter, Gen. Wesley K. Clark, Thomas E. Donilon, Michele A. Flournoy, John D. Podesta, Susan E. Rice, Gen. John M. Shalikashvili, Wendy R. Sherman, Elizabeth Sherwood-Randall, and James B. Steinberg. "The U.S. Military: Under Strain and at Risk." National Security Advisory Group Report, January 2006.

Worst Weapons in Worst Hands: U.S. Inaction on the Nuclear Terror Threat Since 9/11, and a Path of Action.

Perry, William J. (chair), with Madeleine K. Albright, Graham T. Allison, Samuel R. Berger, Ashton B. Carter, Gen. Wesley K. Clark, Thomas E. Donilon, Michele A. Flournoy, John D. Podesta, Susan E. Rice, Gen. John M. Shalikashvili, Wendy R. Sherman, Elizabeth Sherwood-Randall, and James B. Steinberg. "Worst Weapons in Worst Hands: U.S. Inaction on the Nuclear Terror Threat Since 9/11, and a Path of Action." National Security Advisory Group Report, July 2005.

Interim Report on Nuclear Threat Reduction and the Fuel Cycle.

Carter, Ashton B., Ronald Lehman II, Robert Einhorn, Alan A. Foley, Arnold Kanter, David Kay, et al. "Interim Report on Nuclear Threat Reduction and the Fuel Cycle." Policy Advisory Group on Nonproliferation, July 2005.

A Failure of Policy, Not Spying.

Carter, Ashton B. "A Failure of Policy, Not Spying." Washington Post, April 5, 2005.

The Essential Features of a Focused Strategy to Deal with the Proliferation Challenge: What Has Been Done and What Is to Be Done?

Carter, Ashton B. "The Essential Features of a Focused Strategy to Deal with the Proliferation Challenge: What Has Been Done and What Is to Be Done?" The Challenge of Proliferation: A Report of the Aspen Strategy Group. Ed. Kurt M. Campbell. Washington, D.C.: The Aspen Institute, 2005, 141-152.

How to Counter WMD.

Carter, Ashton B. "How to Counter WMD." Foreign Affairs 83.5 (September-October 2004): 72-85.

“Overhauling Counterproliferation.

Carter, Ashton B. “Overhauling Counterproliferation." Technology in Society: An International Journal – Special Issue: Technology and Science: Entering the 21st Century. Ed. George Bugliarello and A. George Schillinger. Elsevier, April/August 2004, 257-269.

Good Nukes, Bad Nukes.

Carter, Ashton B., Arnold Kanter, William J. Perry, and Brent Scowcroft. "Good Nukes, Bad Nukes." New York Times, December 22, 2003.

An American Security Policy: Challenge, Opportunity, Commitment.

Perry, William J. (chair), with Madeleine K. Albright, Samuel R. Berger, Louis Caldera, Ashton B. Carter, Gen. Wesley K. Clark, Michele A. Flournoy, Alfonso E. Lenhardt, John D. Podesta, Gen. John M. Shalikashvili, and Elizabeth Sherwood-Randall. “An American Security Policy: Challenge, Opportunity, Commitment." National Security Advisory Group Report, July 2003.

A Scary Thought: Loose Nukes in North Korea.

Carter, Ashton B., William J. Perry, and John M. Shalikashvili. "A Scary Thought: Loose Nukes in North Korea." Wall Street Journal, February 6, 2003.

The Crisis Last Time.

Carter, Ashton B., and William J. Perry. "The Crisis Last Time." New York Times, January 19, 2003.